People+and+events+AI



= A brief history of computers =

//**Gordon Moore**//

__Invention or idea:__ juvenile silicon chip industry. Moore's Law (1965).

__Contribution in the field of computing:__ the silicon chip industry took hold and computer makers learnt how to exploit the technology everything changed.

__Any more impact on the industry:__ It set a standard for the chip industry's phenomenal growth and has in turn underpinned the world's digital awakening.

//**Bill Gates and Paul Allen**//

__Invention or idea:__ the first well-publicized personal computer, Microsoft.(1983)

__Contribution__ __in the field of computing____:__ Soon, the company was selling BASIC and other languages on many different platforms. In 1980, IBM hired Microsoft to produce PC-DOS, an OS that Microsoft resold as MS-DOS. It was one of the first companies to aggressively develop Macintosh software.

__Any more impact on the industry:__ Perhaps its greatest success has been in moving the entire PC industry from the character-oriented world of DOS to the graphical world of Windows.

//**Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak**//

__Invention or idea:__ the first true personal computer, Apple (1980).

__Contribution__ __in the field of computing____:__ Jobs accepted the role of Apple chairman and CEO in 1997 and has since revitalized the company with improved products and services and the introduction of such highly successful product lines as the iPod and the MacBook.

//**Alan M. Turing**//

__Invention or idea:__ the notion of a "universal machine" that could be given instructions to perform a variety of tasks. (1936).

__Contribution__ __in the field of computing____:__ If a person could hold a typed conversation with "somebody" else, not realizing that a computer was on the other end of the wire, then the machine could be deemed intelligent.

__Any more impact on the industry:__ He is the one who found the underlying reason why an automatic calculating device can do so many things

//**Tim Berners-Lee**//

__Invention or idea:__ the World Wide Web. (1989-91).

__Contribution__ __in the field of computing____:__ a comprehensive collection of information in word, sound and image, each discretely identified by UDIs and interconnected by hypertext links, and to use the Internet to provide universal access to that collection of information.

__Any more impact on the industry:__ In the summer of 1991, Berners-Lee made the Web available on the Internet. By giving the specifications for HyperText Markup Language (HTML: the code in which Web sites are written), HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP: the code by which sites are moved into and out of the Web), and UDIs (now a.k.a. URLs), Berners-Lee made it fairly easy for anyone with Internet access to contribute, as well as collect, information.

//**Doug Engelbart**//

__Invention or idea:__ the mause. (1960's).

__Contribution__ __in the field of computing____:__ the mouse was used on an early office PC called the Star. Therefore, finding ways to augment our intellect would seem to be both a necessary and a desirable goal.

//**Konrad Zuse**//

__Invention or idea:__ first program-controlled computer. (1935-1938)

__Contribution__ __in the field of computing____:__ Despite certain mechanical engineering problems it had all the basic ingredients of modern machines, using the binary system and today's standard separation of storage and control.